In the summer of 1899 Bernard N. Baker was negotiating with John R. Ellerman, chairman of Frederick Leyland & Co. What was left of the International Mercantile Marine Company fleet after the recession that followed the Wall Street Crash. For the pen name of Mary Anne Evans, see George Eliot. Commandant of the Marine Corps (1. Born(1. 84. 6- 1. November 3. 0, 1.
Died. November 4, 1. Place of birth. Eutaw, Alabama. Place of death. Washington, D. C. Place of burial. Arlington National Cemetery. Allegiance United States of America. Service/branch United States Marine Corps. Years of service. Rank. Major General. Commands held. Commandant of the Marine Corps. Battles/wars. Spanish American War. File: Fourteen Retired Flag Officers. George Frank Elliott (November 3. November 4, 1. 93. United States Marine Corpsmajor general. He was the tenth Commandant of the Marine Corps between 1. In October 1. 87. Marine Corps by the President of the United States. 313.5 Records of Naval Operating Forces, World War II and Later 1931-63 313.5.1 Records of the United States Fleet 313.5.2 Records of the Atlantic Fleet 313.5.3 Records of the Pacific Fleet 313.5.4 Records of numbered fleets (Atlantic).Second Lieutenant Elliott served at the Marine Barracks, Washington, D. C., from the time of his appointment to the Marine Corps until 1. Portsmouth, New Hampshire. He later served on the Vermont, the Frolic, and the Monongahela, and was on duty at the Marine Barracks at Norfolk, Virginia, in 1. Marines was ordered to that post from Washington, D. C. He was in command of the detachment that guarded the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad tunnel and also acted as guard for the paymaster of the railroad. He returned to Norfolk upon detachment from that duty. He was promoted to first lieutenant in 1. He was with the Marine battalion sent to the Isthmus of Panama in 1. He was promoted to captain in 1. He and his men made a forced march to Seoul, a distance of 3. The Fleet was sent to hold its position at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. Two and a half miles from Cuzco, half of the Cubans and the first platoon of Company C passed over a mountain to the left, hoping to cut off the Spanish pickets. In this they failed, and the main force was discovered by the Spanish outpost, which retreated immediately and gave the alarm to the main body, whose headquarters were in a house at Cuzco. A high mountain separated the two forces at this point and each attempted to gain its crest as a point of vantage. The Marines were successful, but were fired on heavily by the enemy from the valley. Following a straggling retreat by the Spaniards, the Marines began the return march, the well having been destroyed. For his eminent and conspicuous conduct in this engagement, Capt Elliott was advanced three numbers in his grade. He was promoted to Major (United States) in March 1. From October 1. 89. January 1. 90. 0, Lt. Col Elliott commanded the First Brigade of Marines in the Philippines. During this period he engaged in the Battle of Novaleta. In December 1. 90. Provisional Brigade of Marines organized for service in Panama. He departed on 2. December with the Brigade on board the USS Dixie, arriving at Col. He relinquished command of the Brigade on 1. February 1. 90. 4, and resumed his duties at Headquarters Marine Corps on the 2. One of the most difficult endeavors of Maj. Elliott's career was his successful resistance to attempts to remove seagoing Marines from capital ships and to merge the Corps into the Army. Also during his tenure the home post of the Corps, Marine Barracks, 8th and I Streets, Washington, underwent major changes. In 1. 90. 3, the old barracks were condemned and pulled down and by 1. He was placed on the retired list on 3. November 1. 91. 0 upon reaching the statutory retirement age. His remains were interred in the Arlington National Cemetery. Elliott (AP- 1. 3), a Heywood- class transport (1. Maj Gen Elliott. The ship was sunk off Guadalcanal in 1. Elliott (AP- 1. 05) – Commissioned: 2. September 1. 94. 3; Decommissioned: 1. June 1. 94. 6. General Elliott's nephew was Vice Admiral Elliott Buckmaster, USN (1. VADM Buckamster commanded the USS Yorktown at the Battle of Midway. Vol IV- -Western Pacific Operations . In photographs, newsreels, and. American operations against Japan. United States Marines wading through. So closely has the. U. S. Marine Corps been identified in the. Amphibious warfare and. Generally, the preparedness. United States to conduct. World War II has been. U. S. Marine Corps, its organization. World War II, it. Throughout the Nineteenth Century. United States, Marines distinguished. Their exploits became. United States. To those. At that time, both in Cuba and in. Philippines, a military force was. Once this requirement had been established, The. General Board of the Navy recommended. In November 1. 90. Secretary. of the Navy ordered the Commandant. Marine Corps to organize a. Of necessity, it. Marine. Corps was fully occupied with other. Amphibious landing. There it. remained until 1. Quantico, Virginia. The big. battles of that war were fought on terra. As in the past. Marines distinguished themselves on the. Since armies. tend to refight battles of a previous war. World War I emphasized the Army type. As a result, emphasis. The general conclusion. Still. there were others who did not share this. The subject of amphibious. Annual. Report of the Commandant of the Marine. Corps in 1. 92. 1. At the same time, a. Naval War. College at Newport, Rhode Island, Major. Holland M. Smith, began to expound his. Marine Corps of the future in. During the immediate postwar period. By mid- 1. 92. 1, at a. U. S. Marine Corps. In the wake of demobilization. Corps was suffering from. Most of the men. who had signed up for the emergency. The status of the officers who remained. Services, retrenchment and budgetary. Corps. Lack of manpower and equipment. Marines to concentrate on. At times, bigness. Marines. relied on improvisation that, despite. Two factors combined to bring about. Having jumped on the. Allied bandwagon just in time in World. War I, Japan was free to consolidate. Central. and Western Pacific. Ellis, a Marine. Corps officer who by 1. United States some. Japan in the Marshall, Caroline, and. Palau Islands. 8. Though high- ranking. Marines, including the Commandant. Major General John A. Lejeune, shared. his views, little concrete planning could. Major Ellis. went on to write an ingenious plan for. But Major Ellis was far. Palaus- either. on a personal or semi- official reconnaissance- . In 1. 92. 1, the Advance Base. Force at Quantico was superseded by. Marine Corps Expeditionary Force. By 1. 92. 7, a. Joint Army- Navy Board recommended. Marine Corps, in keeping with. Navy, be. given special preparation for the conduct. Thus was laid the groundwork for. Corps. But the road from recommendation. Corps mission. was still lacking. By this time, large. Leatherneck contingents were stationed. Nicaragua and China. Once. again, internal and external developments. The year 1. 92. 9. Marines on foreign service; by. Nicaragua. Russell, who. Marine Corps at the. Chief of Naval Operations with a. Expeditionary. Force Staff at Quantico with a. It was visualized. Fleet under. operational control of the Commander. Chief, U. General Russell's. December 1. 93. 3. Fleet Marine Force. Quantico, Virginia, an event that. Subsequently. with additional modifications, it also. Army Field Manual. At the same time, the. Fleet Marine Force was organized into. The 1st Brigade was stationed. Quantico, while the 2d moved. Marine Corps Base, San Diego. In. order to have available an organization. Marine Corps. Equipment Board was established at. Quantico, which subsequently was instrumental. In. the Pacific, such maneuvers were held. California, in Hawaii. Midway, while similar landing. Atlantic were conducted. Caribbean. In 1. 93. U. Army participated. Army declined to take part. Marine Corps. Along. AMPHIBIOUS EXERCISES at Culebra, Puerto Rico, 1. Following. extensive experimentation and controversy. Higgins- designed landing craft. This. got under way when President Roosevelt. Marine Corps strength to. While the war in Europe ran its. German Army. overran Poland, Denmark, Norway, the. Low Countries, and finally France. On 1 February 1. 94. Marines joined the 1st. Brigade at Culebra, where the two combined. Marine Division, commanded by Holland. M. Smith, who up to this time had headed. Marine Brigade. The boats employed. Marines ashore were. Culebra, as were the Navy. On the other hand. Higgins boat, which made its first. General. Smith, . It is interesting to note that at. Marine Corps had even seen, the. Fleet Marine Force was temporarily disbanded. These amphibious. Army and to be trained. Marines. Upon the recommendation. Commandant of the Marine. Corps, Major General Thomas Holcomb. Marine Divisions were. Atlantic and Pacific. Fleets respectively, while the defense. Fleet Marine Force. In June of 1. 94. Pearl. Harbor, certain organizational changes. Major General Holland M. Atlantic Fleet, composed. Marine Division and the. Army's 1st Infantry Division. Two. weeks later, the organization was redesignated. Task Force 1. 8, U. S. Atlantic. Fleet, followed within two days, on. July 1. 94. 1, by a redesignation to the. Joint Training Force, U. Atlantic. Fleet, By mid- August 1. Atlantic Amphibious. Force, and in late October of the. Amphibious Force, Atlantic Fleet. This. designation was retained until 3 March. Amphibious. Corps, Atlantic Fleet. Significantly, regardless of this multitude of. General Holland Smith. June 1. 94. 2 the Marine Corps numbered. Even during the period of rapid expansion in. United States would shortly. Thus, in May of that. Navy General Board, in dealing. Marine Corps. concluded that. The composition, organization and. Marine Division as submitted. General Board by the U. S. One of these on the East Coast was. New River base in North Carolina. Camp Lejeune; another. Marine air station at Cherry. Point, North Carolina. On the West. Coast, Camp Holcomb, subsequently renamed. Camp Elliott, came into being. As a result of this concept. East Coast of the United States generally. Army, while similar activities on the. West Coast were assigned to the Marine. Corps. In line with this thinking, the 2d. Joint Training Force had been created. November 1. 94. 1 at Camp Elliott. San Diego. This force had been. Marine- Army training. General. Holland Smith's setup on the East. Coast. There were similar gyrations in. Marine establishment. East Coast had experienced. Vogel's command became. Amphibious Force, U. At the. same time, developments in the Pacific. Theater left very little doubt that the. South Pacific would be. Marine Corps. As a. General Smith and his Amphibious. Training Staff, Fleet Marine. Force, departed from Quantico in September. San. Diego. There, the Amphibious Training. Staff was disbanded and its personnel. Headquarters, Amphibious. Corps, Pacific Fleet. At the same time. General Smith took over as Commander. Amphibious Corps and as Commanding. General, Fleet Marine Force. San Diego Area. General Vogel, who. General Smith, took charge of the I Marine. Amphibious Corps (IMAC) at San. Diego, a unit whose staff was composed. General Vogel on the staff. Amphibious Corps, Pacific Fleet. In his capacity as Commanding. General, Amphibious Corps, Pacific. Fleet, General Smith was responsible. Fleet Marine Force units as they became. Amphibious. Force, Pacific Fleet. At the. same time, in his dual capacity as Commanding. General, Fleet Marine Force. San Diego Area, General Smith was. San Diego, Camp. Pendleton, and Camp Dunlap, as well as. Fleet Marine Force units. Corps. Since the Amphibious Corps was. U. By late 1. 94. Pacific Fleet and. Central Pacific. offensive, whose purpose was to strike. Pacific along. the most direct route to Japan. Pursuant. to this mission, Vice Admiral Raymond. A. Spruance became commander of the. Central Pacific Force and the Fifth. Fleet. In August 1. Fifth Amphibious. Force was organized under. Rear Admiral Richmond K. Turner, and. later that month the Amphibious Corps. Pacific Fleet, was redesignated as the V. Amphibious Corps (VAC ), with General. Holland Smith in command. First, the organization was to. Marine units in the Central. Pacific. Secondly, it had the tactical. Marine and U. In September. VAC moved to Hawaii, where. Gilbert Islands. In the words of one history dealing. Assumption of tactical functions by. Amphibious Corps headquarters gave rise. Fleet Marine. Force units in the Pacific. Now two parallel. Headquarters, Marine Corps while performing. It became. necessary to divorce tactical elements. The Joint Chiefs of Staff had decided. Pacific Theater between the Southwest. Pacific Area under General Mac. Arthur. and the Pacific Ocean Areas under. Admiral Nimitz. Until 1. FMF. units had served in the Southwest. Pacific under Mac. Arthur, but the new. Central Pacific drive demanded trained. Navy wanted. Marines for the assault role. Effective. 2. 5 March 1. I Marine Amphibious. Corps passed to the command of. Admiral Nimitz, who now controlled it. V Amphibious Corps. He recommended. the creation of Headquarters, Amphibious. Troops, Pacific, to include I Marine. Amphibious Corps, II Marine Amphibious. Corps, an Army Corps, along with. Defense Troops, Expeditionary Troops. Artillery, and the Service of Supply. Amphibious Troops Pacific. The new. organization, which for all practical. Hawaii to. take care of administrative and logistical. On 2. 9 March 1. 94. Commander in. Chief, United States Fleet, authorized. Commanding General, VAC, to exercise. Fleet Marine Force. Central Pacific. 2. General Alexander A. The latter was to function. VAC with responsibility. Pacific Fleet Marine Force units concerning. Further, it was to. Fleet Marine Force units in the. Pacific which remained at bases during. Commanding General. VAC. Finally, the Administrative Command. Corps headquarters. The. Commandant's recommendations were. April 1. 94. 4, the Marine Administrative. Command, VAC, was activated. Under the reorganization, the newly. Headquarters. Marine Administrative Command, VAC. Marine Supply Service, VAC. At. the same time that the organizational. Commanding. General, I Marine Amphibious. Corps, was relieved of his administrative. Commanding General. VAC. Under the new setup, the functions. Supply Service, IMAC and.
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